Filmy o meči a planetě
Meč a planeta is a subgenre of science fantasy that features rousing adventure stories set on other planets, and usually featuring Earthmen as protagonists. The name derives from the heroes of the genre engaging their adversaries in hand to hand combat primarily with simple melee weapons such as swords, even in a setting that often has advanced technology. Though there are works that herald the genre such as Across The Zodiac (1880) and Lieut. Gullivar Jones: His Vacation (1905; published in the US in 1964 as Gulliver z Marsu), prototypem tohoto žánru je Edgar Rice Burroughs originally serialized by planetární romantika although some works are considered to belong to one and not the other. In general, planetary romance is considered to be more of a space opera subgenre, influenced by the likes of
Obsah
- 1 Beginnings
- Formulář 2
- 3 Chronologie
- 4 List of works
- 4.1 Edgar Rice Burroughs
- 4.1.1 The Barsoom Series (a.k.a. John Carter ze série Mars)
- 4.1.2 The Venus Series (a.k.a. Carson Napier ze série Venus)
- 4.2.1 Venus series
- 4.3.1 Palos series
- 4.5.1 Venus series
- 4.5.2 Mars series
- 4.7.1 Stuart Merrick series
- 4.10.1 Llarn series
- 4.11.1 Sojan the Swordsman series (juvenile short stories)
- 4.11.2 Kane of Old Mars series (writing as Edward Powys Bradbury)
- 4.12.1 Gor series
- 4.13.1 Ganymede series
- 4.14.1 Torlo Hannis series
- 4.15.1 Callisto series
- 4.15.2 Green Star Series
- 4.15.3 Mysteries of Mars series
- 4.16.1 Dray Prescot series
- 4.17.1 Eric John Stark series
- 4.17.2 Ostatní
- 4.18.1 Balzan Of The Cat People series
- 4.20.1 Dannus/Reglathium series
- 4.21.1 Planet of Adventure
- 4.23.1 Xuma Series
- 4.24.1 Talera Series
- 4.25.1 Ilium/Olympos
Beginnings [ ]
In Princezna z Marsu, John Carter, a Confederate officer and soldier, has taken up prospecting in Arizona after the war to regain his fortune. Under mysterious circumstances, he is transported to [1] Burroughs followed up this first book with several more Barsoom stories, and another series that could be considered Sword & Planet, featuring as hero Form [ ]
Burroughs established a set of conventions that were followed fairly closely by most other entries in the Sword and Planet genre. The typical first book in a sword and planet series uses some or all of the following plot points:
A tough but chivalrous male protagonist, from Earth of a period not too distant from our own, finds himself transported to a distant world. The transportation may be via astral projection, teleportation, time travel, or any similar form of scientific magic, but should not imply that travel between worlds is either easy or common. The Earthman thus finds himself the sole representative of his own race on an alien planet. This planet is at a pre-modern, even barbaric stage of civilization, but may here and there have remarkable technologies that hint at a more advanced past. There is no obligation for the physical properties or biology of the alien planet to follow any scientific understanding of the potential conditions of habitable worlds; in general, the conditions will be earth-like, but with variations such as a different-colored sun or different numbers of moons. A lower gravity may be invoked to explain such things as large flying animals or people, or the superhuman strength of the hero, but will otherwise be ignored. ( [2]
Chronology [ ]
Stories in the Sword and Planet genre fall primarily into two chronological classes. The first includes the stories of Burroughs himself and his early imitators, of whom pastiches from the mid-1960s to early 1970s. Such authors included Michael Moorcock. Except for continuations of the extended S. M. Stirling, published by Tor, Nebeští lidé, (2006)) and Na dvorech karmínových králů (2008). Smaller presses have continued to issue new works in the genre, though, most notably Wildside Press , primarily through The Borgo Press imprint. In 2007, for example, Wildside/Borgo published a new book in Charles Nuetzel’s Torlo Hannis of Noomas series, and printed the Talera trilogy by Charles Allen Gramlich ( List of works [ ]
To, co následuje, je sice neúplné, ale je to výčet některých důležitějších a více zapamatovaných zástupců žánru. Některá data jsou data dotisku, nikoli data původního vydání.
Edgar Rice Burroughs [ ]
- Thuvia, Panna Marsu (1916 / 1920)
- Šachovníci z Marsu (1922 / 1922)
- Mistrovská mysl Marsu (1927 / 1928)
- Swords of Mars (1934-1935 / 1936)
- John Carter z Marsu (1964) spolu s non-ERB juvenilem John Carter a obr z Marsu (1941).
What is Sword and Planet?
The genre of F&SF I love most is an old one, indeed one of the very first to emerge: 1912, to be exact. I was born more than half a century after that. Since then the genre has become a root inspiration for many other SF franchises, Star Wars among them. So exactly what is sword and planet? Is it science fiction at all?
Here’s my riff on the Wikipedia definition: Sword and planet is that genre of science fiction or science fantasy of swashbuckling adventure and swordplay set on an exotic alien world. In film terms it’s Spartacus, Sinbad, and The Three Musketeers on Mars (substitute the planet of your choice for Mars). If you were to give it a taxonomy, it would be something like: Speculative Fiction > Science Fantasy > Planetary Romance > Sword and Planet. The genre was pioneered by Edgar Rice Burroughs, better known as the creator of Tarzan.
What makes it different from Planetary Romance? While Planetary Romance deals with adventure on exotic alien worlds, Sword and Planet is about milieus where the action is anachronistic and often infused with anachronistic ideals like chivalry. Both feature adventures set primarily on a single planet, and that planet’s physical and social environment play large parts in the story. Both are differentiated from Space Opera by de-emphasis on interplanetary travel. Star Wars is more Space Opera because a lot of the action happens on board spacecraft, in between planets; while Flash Gordon is more Sword and Planet because the action all takes place on Mongo.
Sword and Planet fiction celebrates that most vital of science fictional themes, sense of wonder, with dramatic vistas of alien worlds, exotic and dangerous creatures, and fantastic technology overlaid with the barbaric trappings of the Medieval and Classical ages that are the root of so many of our myths. I think it’s that combination of the exotic with a familiar mythic core that makes it so appealing.
Because we need a familiar viewpoint, someone who can point out the contrasts between the story’s setting and the familiar, S&P fiction usually has a protagonist from Earth. Because of the time when most of these stories were written that protagonist was often male and white; but it’s a mold that invites breaking. Even Edgar Rice Burroughs broke it soon enough: Chessmen of Mars and A Fighting Man of Mars have native Martian protagonists, and Synthetic Men of Mars, though it features the Earthman John Carter, is mostly about the Martian Vor Daj.
Over time, though, ERB and those who followed in his path introduced some tropes that have become weaknesses for the genre. There’s the overuse of the damsel in distress plot, and for many readers, the rather objectified portrayal of women. A friend told me his wife was hesitant to play the John Carter game because of the art; it seems Dejah Thoris just keeps getting sexier in artists’ heads, to the point that she does Sports Illustrated poses topless během boje in some recent comics. I’m a hetero male and I like sexy women, but yeah, there is such a thing as overdose of that. Nudity in general became a lazy trope to to mark the milieu as exotic.
So. How to revive modern reader interest in Sword and Planet? Make no mistake, while I see the weaknesses ERB had, I still enjoy much of his work. I’ve also had the fortune to read some of the better S&P works by other authors that stand the test of time quite well. Here’s a list of my recommended Sword and Planet for the 21st Century Reader:
- In the Courts of the Crimson Kings, S.M. Stirling (if you’ll only read one, read this)
- The Skaith trilogy, Leigh Brackett
- The Sword of Rhiannon, Leigh Brackett
- The People of the Talisman, Leigh Brackett
- The Secret of Sinharat, Leigh Brackett
- Lorelei of the Red Mist, Leigh Brackett
- A Fighting Man of Mars, Edgar Rice Burroughs
- A Princess of Mars, Edgar Rice Burroughs
- Renegade of Callisto, Lin Carter
- The Planet of Adventure trilogy, Jack Vance
- Dire Planet, Joel Jenkins
- Planet Hulk, Greg Pak, Marvel Comics
- Bigfoot: Sword of the Earthman, Josh S. Henaman
- Ythaq: the Forsaken World, Christophe Arleston, Adrien Floch
7 Epic Sword and Planet Science Fiction Books
Here is a list of 7 Epic Sword and Planet Science Fiction Books.
A Princess of Mars (Barsoom #1) by Edgar Rice Burroughs
From the blurb:
The first book of the Barsoom series introduces the reader to John Carter, a Confederate veteran of the American Civil War, who is mysteriously transported to Mars, where he finds that he has great strength and superhuman agility..
Warriors of Mars (Michael Kane 1) by Michael Moorcock
From the blurb:
Brilliant physicist and warrior Michael Kane’s experiments in matter transmission catapult him across space and time to the verdant and war-torn Mars of the distant past. There he meets the beautiful Princess Shizala and learns the ways of her people, the Kamala, and of their war with the Argzoon..
Almuric by Robert E. Howard
From the blurb:
Similar in some ways to the Barsoom books of Edgar Rice Burroughs, the story follows an Earthman transported to Almuric, a remote alien world where he must contend with apelike humans, winged monsters, and other sinister forces..
Eric John Stark: Outlaw of Mars by Leigh Brackett
From the blurb:
Mars is a dying old world, full of evil tyrants and decaying cities where crime and malevolence run rampant.
Eric Stark is an outlaw in this savage world. Orphaned on Mercury and raised by native tribes there, he is hunted by the law, betrayed and wanted by warlords and may hold the fate of Mars in his hands….
Northwest of Earth by C.L. Moore
From the blurb:
From the crumbling temples of forgotten gods on Venus to the seedy pleasure halls of old Mars, the thirteen stories in Northwest of Earth blaze a trail through the underbelly of the solar system..
Transit to Scorpio (Delian Cycle #1) by Alan Burt Akers
From the blurb:
On the planet Kregen that circles Antares, the brightest star of the Constellation of the Scorpion, two forces contend for the world’s destiny. One of them, the Savanti, called in a human pawn from far-away Earth..
The Faded Sun Trilogy (The Faded Sun #1-3) by C.J. Cherryh
From the blurb:
They were the mri–tall, secretive, bound by honor and the rigid dictates of their society. For aeons this golden-skinned, golden-eyed race had provided the universe mercenary soldiers of almost unimaginable ability..
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- 4.1 Edgar Rice Burroughs